Ultrasonic Energy as an Agent to Aid Water Treatment in the Coagulation Process

The aim of the study was to estimate effectiveness ultrasonic coagulation aiding. effect ultrasound exposure alone and associated systems (ultrasound exposure/coagulant) on contamination natural water examined. evaluation test results based changes in indicators, such as TOC, color, turbidity, electrokinetic potential. Three different coagulants were used tests systems. included basic processes related volumetric coagulation, agitation, flocculation, sedimentation. Sonication samples carried out at a constant frequency 22 kHz, variable vibration amplitude 8–16 μm, an time 1–5 min. most efficient removal organic contaminants from tested achieved maximum A = 16 with reaching 29% (TOC). In systems, turbidity (an increase 25–35%) generally greater than that color (8–21%). This relationship reflects differentiated energy colloids stability. removing had favorable aluminum sulfate. respect better result obtained using modified coagulant. possibility reducing coagulant dose confirmed aiding ultrasound. process, has positive course flocculation sedimentation suspensions. addition reduction doses chemical reagents, it also leads modification post-coagulation sludge structure.